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Business Environment and concept section is treated as one of the most challenging exams because of its extensive material and it deals with business and economic concepts. The CPA BEC section will help you to move one step further in business knowledge and help them apply the knowledge in real-world scenarios.



Business Environment and concepts covers:



Business environment in general, and its core concepts.

Foundational grounding in accounting and are exposed to underlying reasons for accounting implications
Financial management information technology, and business strategies in addition to accounting concepts.

Economic concepts, financial management, information systems and communications, strategic planning and operations management.
Testing to determine different business strategies with their knowledge in strategic planning and market risks.

Making financial decisions, forecasting trends in the market, and understanding internets implication in business.



Topic Percentage

Corporate Governance 16% – 20%

Economic Concepts and Analysis 16% – 20%

Financial Management 19% – 23%

Information Systems and Communications 15% – 19%

Strategic Planning 10% – 14%

Operations Management 12% – 16%



BEC1 Business Environment and Concepts (BEC)

BEC2 Section introduction

BEC6 Summary blueprint

BEC7 Area I — Corporate Governance

BEC9 Area II — Economic Concepts and Analysis

BEC11 Area III — Financial Management

BEC13 Area IV — Information Technology

BEC16 Area V — Operations Management



The Business Environment and Concepts (BEC) section of the Uniform CPA
Exam (the Exam) tests knowledge and skills that a newly licensed CPA
must demonstrate when performing:

• Audit, attest, accounting and review services

• Financial reporting

• Tax preparation

• Other professional responsibilities in their role as certified public accountants

The content areas tested under the BEC section of the Exam encompass five
diverse subject areas. These content areas are corporate governance, economic
concepts and analysis, financial management, information technology and
operations management. Reference materials relevant to the BEC section of the
Exam are included under References at the conclusion of this introduction.

Content organization and tasks

The BEC section blueprint is organized by content AREA, content GROUP and
content TOPIC. Each group or topic includes one or more representative TASKS
that a newly licensed CPA may be expected to complete when performing audit,
attest, accounting and review services, financial reporting, tax preparation or
other professional responsibilities.

The tasks in the blueprint are representative. They are not intended to be (nor
should they be viewed as) an all-inclusive list of tasks that may be tested in the
BEC section of the Exam. Additionally, it should be noted that the number of
tasks associated with a particular content group or topic is not indicative of
the extent such content group, topic or related skill level will be assessed
on the Exam. Similarly, examples provided within the task statements should
not be viewed as all-inclusive.



Area II of the BEC section blueprint covers several topics related to Economic
Concepts and Analysis, including the following:

• Knowledge of economic concepts and analysis that would demonstrate an
understanding of the impact of business cycles on an entitys industry or
business operation

• Determining market influences on the business environment, such as
globalization

• Determining the business reasons for, and the underlying economic substance
of, transactions and their accounting implications

• Understanding financial risks and the methods for mitigating the impact of
these risks

Area III of the BEC section blueprint covers several topics related to Financial
Management, including the following:
• Assessing the factors influencing a companys capital structure, such
as risk, leverage, cost of capital, growth rate, profitability, asset structure and
loan covenants

• Calculating metrics associated with the components of working capital, such
as current ratio, quick ratio, cash conversion cycle, turnover ratios

• Determining the impact of business decisions on working capital

• Understanding commonly used financial valuation and decision models and
applying that knowledge to assess assumptions, calculate the value
of assets and compare investment alternatives
Area IV of the BEC section blueprint covers several topics related to
Information Technology (IT), including the following:

• Understanding the role of IT and systems, including the use of data in
supporting business decisions.

• Identifying IT-related risks associated with an entitys information systems
and processes, such as processing integrity, protection of information and
system availability, including those risks introduced by the relationships with
third-parties.

• Identifying application and IT general control activities, whether manual,
IT dependent or automated, that are responsive to IT-related risks, such
as access and authorization controls, system implementation testing and
incident response plans.

Area V of the BEC section blueprint covers several topics related to Operations
Management, including the following:

• Understanding business operations and use of quality control initiatives and
performance measures to improve operations

• Application of cost accounting concepts and use of variance analysis
techniques

• Utilizing budgeting and forecasting techniques to monitor progress and
enhance accountability

The Exam focuses on testing higher order skills. Based on the nature of the task,
each representative task in the BEC section blueprint is assigned a skill level.

BEC section considerations related to the skill levels are discussed below.

• Remembering and Understanding is tested in all five areas of the BEC section.

Remembering and understanding tasks focus on the knowledge necessary
to demonstrate an understanding of the general business environment and
business concepts, such as those involving enterprise risk management.

• Application is also tested in all five areas of the BEC section. Application
tasks focus on general topics such as those found in the subjects of
economics and information technology, and the day-to-day financial
management tasks that newly licensed CPAs perform, such as those
involving calculations involving ratios, valuation and budgeting.

• Analysis skills, tested in Areas II, III and V involve tasks that require a
higher level of analysis and interpretation. These tasks, such as comparing
investment alternatives using calculations of financial metrics, financial
modeling, forecasting and projection, frequently require newly licensed CPAs
to gather evidence to support inferences.

The representative tasks combine both the applicable content knowledge
and the skills required in the context of the work that a newly licensed CPA
would reasonably be expected to perform. The BEC section does not test any
content at the Evaluation skill level as newly licensed CPAs are not expected to
demonstrate that level of skill in regards to the BEC content.

References — Business Environment and Concepts
• The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO):

– Internal Control – Integrated Framework

– Enterprise Risk Management – Integrating with Strategy and Performance

– COSO-issued application material, thought papers and guides related to the above frameworks

• Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002:

– Title III, Corporate Responsibility

– Title IV, Enhanced Financial Disclosures

– Title VIII, Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability

– Title IX, White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancements

– Title XI, Corporate Fraud Accountability

• Current business periodicals

• Current textbooks on:

– Accounting Information Systems

– Budgeting and Measurement

– Corporate Governance

– Economics

– Enterprise Risk Management

– Finance

– Management

– Management Information Systems

– Managerial Accounting

– Production Operations